DRINKING WATER

getty-520707629-water-bubbles Chloramination: Practical Strategies For Reliable Water Quality

Monochloramine's stability advantage in complex distribution systems depends on precise chemistry and early detection of nitrification, with calibration and documentation standing up to regulatory review.

DRINKING WATER CASE STUDIES AND WHITE PAPERS

  • ORP And pH — What You Don't Know Can Hurt You

    When I look back at 2016 one of the most significant trends I observed was the growing acceptance of ORP measurements, especially for monitoring disinfection. With one caveat, the ORP value measured in a solution provides an unambiguous measure of the disinfection efficacy.

  • What The Industry Is Saying About The EPA Contaminant Candidate List 5

    It is assumed that most individuals involved in the advocacy, treatment, and regulation of drinking water in the U.S. have similar opinions on the importance of delivering clean, safe drinking water. But determining how regulatory steps regarding daily practices at water treatment plants (WTPs) should evolve tends to reveal some differences in opinion. Here are some recent industry reactions to the proposed Drinking Water Contaminant Candidate List 5 (CCL 5).

  • Managing Water Loss In Four Easy Steps

    A practical approach to detecting leaks and reducing non-revenue water.

    Water utilities are charged with an incredibly important task – providing safe and affordable water to communities in the face of aging infrastructure, funding gaps, and changing regulatory requirements. Specifically, when considering water loss control, leakage, and operational inefficiencies, costs may appear to be unaffordable.

  • Encore® 700 Chemical Metering Pumps Provide Precise Coagulant Metering

    Water utility operators are increasingly challenged by scrutiny and regulation on disinfection by-product (DBP) levels while trying to manage ever increasing coagulant costs in a tight budget environment.

  • The Pandemic Shines A Spotlight On The Need For Better Water Quality Management In Office And Commercial Buildings

    Explore the parallels between water systems in buildings and water utilities, and the need for property owners to adopt water quality management practices, such as time-based flushing, to maintain safe water conditions for occupants.

  • Turbiwell Comparision Report Before And After Upgrade

    Russellville water treatment plant is a surface water plant using traditional clarification, filtration, and treatment. The plant historically has used traditional contact turbidimeters that employ tungsten lamps that required quarterly maintenance, but replaced their turbidimeters with Swan Turbiwell turbidimeters in 2012. Read the full report for a comparison of the performance of the Swan Turbiwell to the previously installed turbidimeters.

  • Two Decades Later, American Ductile Iron Pipeline Keeps Water And Hope Flowing In Potosí

    Nestled at the foot of the Cerro de Potosí – or Cerro Rico (“rich mountain”) – is Potosí, Bolivia. This capital city of the Tomás Frías Province was established almost 500 years ago and is most known for its abundance of silver, which has fueled the area’s economy for centuries. Another unique aspect of Potosí is its location. It is one of the highest cities in the world, with an elevation of more than 4,000 meters [13,000 feet].

  • Los Angeles Department Of Water And Power Uses GIS To Improve Water Incident Management

    While utilities use sophisticated systems to supply clean water as well as collect and treat wastewater, the effort to manage incidents and outages leaves room for improvement. Water utilities often rely on manual processes to handle customer reports of leaks, loss-of-service or quality issues.

  • Veteran Potable Water Superintendent Sees Benefits Of Secondary Containment Equipment To Help Enable Use Of Chlorine Gas For Chlorination

    A veteran potable water production and treatment superintendent, currently overseeing potable water needs for a federal reservation, reports significant benefit from the availability of secondary containment equipment for chlorine gas storage, as part of a management strategy to help enable the use of that chlorination method. 

  • The Reality Of Leaks: Cost-Effective Strategies For Real Water Loss Recovery

    Reducing water loss starts with proper perspective. In distribution systems that do not yet have permanent infrastructure monitoring for active leaks, even the approach to evaluating such infrastructure requires a new perspective. Here is how different technical approaches can make a difference, regardless of the age of the system or the pipe materials it uses.

DRINKING WATER APPLICATION NOTES

  • Complete Flow Solutions
    11/11/2024

    Siemens’ extensive portfolio includes various flow measurement technologies, such as Coriolis, clamp-on ultrasonic, vortex, and differential pressure meters, catering to a wide range of industrial needs.

  • Recording & Control: In Coagulant Dosage Applications For Potable Water Treatment
    7/1/2019

    Potable water or drinking water as it is also known, is water that is safe to drink or to be used in food preparation. Typically, in developed countries, tap water meets the required drinking water standards, although only a small proportion is actually drank or used in food preparation.

  • Phosphate In Groundwater And Surface Water: A Rapid And Reliable Determination Method Using The Photometric Spectroquant® Test
    1/31/2019

    Phosphorus is an essential element for organisms and plants. In natural, uncontaminated waters, it occurs as organically bound phosphate, condensed phosphates or as orthophosphate — often referred to by its chemical formula PO4-P. The small quantity of phosphorus present in natural waters does not promote the growth of plants. However, a rise in the concentration of phosphorus results in the proliferation of algae, which leads to the eutrophication of the water body.

  • Removal Of Chloramines With Activated Carbon
    12/30/2013

    In order to reduce the formation of harmful disinfection byproducts in drinking water, alternative disinfectant use has become increasingly widespread. Monochloramine is a leading alternative disinfectant that offers advantages for municipal water. This tech brief details the removal of monochloramine using activated carbon.

  • Fountain Testing Solutions
    10/29/2021

    Accurate fountain (dampening) solution concentration control is essential for consistent, high-quality results in lithography. Low concentration can cause drying on the non-image area of the plate resulting in tinting, scumming, blanket piling, etc. High concentrations, on the other hand, bring about over-emulsification of the ink. This results in weakening of color strength and changes in ink rheology (body and flow properties). Correct concentration will allow the non-image areas of the plate to be appropriately wetted.

  • Reduced Bore Electromagnetic Flowmeter
    10/29/2021

    Being able to accurately measure both the quantity and rate of water passing through a water distribution system is crucial to gain an informed understanding of overall efficiency. As such, achieving a measurement that is exact as possible can have a significant impact on key areas. This includes supply planning, maintenance, resource deployment, leakage detection and the overall environment.

  • Water Determination In Liquefied Petroleum Gas Using GC BID And Ionic Liquid Column Watercol™
    6/28/2018

    Water in petrochemical feedstocks can cause problems for processors. Freezing of pipe lines and valves and poisoning of expensive catalysts are just a few examples.

  • Dissolved Oxygen Measurement
    11/11/2013

    One of the most important measurements in the determination of the health of a body of water is its dissolved oxygen content. The quantity of dissolved oxygen in water is normally expressed in parts per million (ppm) by weight and is due to the solubility of oxygen from the atmosphere around us.

  • Application Note: YSI 600 Optical Monitoring System Used To Protect Lake Oconee, Georgia Water Quality
    12/27/2005
    Northern Georgia is experiencing unprecedented development; consequently, water quality in many of its watersheds is in jeopardy of severe degradation. The State of Georgia, Environmental Protection Division (EPD) has implemented an NPDES monitoring and enforcement program designed to prevent construction activities from impacting water quality
  • Panametrics Technology Helps Track Potable Water Leaks
    4/22/2022

    Concerned about the volume of water leakages throughout their network, a Swedish water authority turned to Panametrics flowmeters to map their municipal water network -- enabling quick leak identification and fixes.

DRINKING WATER PRODUCTS

The Allegro Under-the-Glass (UTG™) Universal Endpoint for Advanced Meter Infrastructure (AMI) is an industry-leading innovation in durable endpoint design technology featuring no external connecting wires or antennas. The Allegro UTG Endpoints are built on our patented programmable Interpreter® register platform that enables placement anywhere on most any meter. This exclusive endpoint technology is flexible, migratable, and able to operate in both fixed network and drive-by environments.

The AquaTrans AT620 is a next-generation clamp-on ultrasonic liquid flowmeter engineered for applications where flexibility, redundancy, and measurement confidence are critical.

Jacobi Carbons’ AquaSorb™ CB1-MW is a high activity powdered activated carbon (PAC) specifically manufactured for the treatment of water for human consumption, in both municipal and industrial applications.

Learn about KROHNE's ultrasonic clamp-on flowmeter for temporary flow measurement of liquids.

AqueoUS Vets is a multidisciplinary firm that focuses on standard and customized water treatment systems. We offer a superior line of products for pumping, conveyance, filtration, and storage for dewatering projects.

The Series 2000PV MEGALUG Mechanical Joint Restraint is the fastest and most economical method of restraining PVC pipe to mechanical joints. It can be used with C900, C905 or IPS OD PVC pipe. For sizes 42 through 48 inch See Series 2200

LATEST INSIGHTS ON DRINKING WATER

  • Rotary gear pump design holds flow steady as pressure shifts, pairing integrated digital monitoring with predictive diagnostics and service intervals measured in years rather than months for chemical dosing.

  • Fixed schedules and rigid controls waste water on farms and in city parks. Integrated data from sensors, forecasts, and satellites enable more responsive irrigation, though adoption faces real obstacles.

  • In July, smoke from Canadian wildfires spread across the upper Midwest and Northeast. Now a strengthening El Niño is set to influence the coming winter. Both events matter to lake and reservoir managers because their effects on water quality will continue to emerge long after the skies clear or the El Niño passes.

  • The clock is ticking on Lead and Copper Rule Improvements (LCRI) compliance, and waiting until 2027 is not an option. In this Water Online Live event overview, learn from industry experts Lauren Wasserstrom (Jacobs) and Kristin Epstein (CDM Smith) on how utilities can move from inventory development to action.

  • Produced water is far from ordinary wastewater. It typically contains high concentrations of dissolved salts, residual hydrocarbons, suspended solids, heavy metals, chemical additives, and naturally occurring contaminants. Without proper treatment, managing these complex waste streams becomes both environmentally risky and financially burdensome.

  • Whether an area is urban or rural, large or small, its water and wastewater treatment utilities face pressures ranging from supply scarcity and increasing operational costs to more stringent regulatory guidelines. These pressures have combined in recent years to shift the conversation around potable water reuse from a potential option to an increasingly important water management strategy.

DRINKING WATER VIDEOS

Runoff from farmlands can carry nutrients, insecticides and sediment that impact source water for downstream communities.

Check out this brief video with Greg, and industry veteran and our Product Manager for Measurement technologies, as he provides a lowdown on the new AWWA Standard covering solid-state meters which are increasingly being adopted by water utilities of all sizes.

On The Water Online Show, Shaun Sharrett, Vice President of Sales at Swan Analytical, examines how continuous online monitoring differs fundamentally from traditional, sporadic testing methods.

"Wastewater Dan” talks with FOX 4 News Kansas City about drought conditions in California and procedures to conserve water in the home. He also demonstrates the use of a total dissolved solids (TDS) meter to test drinking water quality, and interprets the results.

During the summer months, El Paso experiences a spike in water demand increasing the dependency on river water. But what happens if there is little or no river water?

ABOUT DRINKING WATER

In most developed countries, drinking water is regulated to ensure that it meets drinking water quality standards. In the U.S., the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) administers these standards under the Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA). 

Drinking water considerations can be divided into three core areas of concern:

  1. Source water for a community’s drinking water supply
  2. Drinking water treatment of source water
  3. Distribution of treated drinking water to consumers

Drinking Water Sources

Source water access is imperative to human survival. Sources may include groundwater from aquifers, surface water from rivers and streams and seawater through a desalination process. Direct or indirect water reuse is also growing in popularity in communities with limited access to sources of traditional surface or groundwater. 

Source water scarcity is a growing concern as populations grow and move to warmer, less aqueous climates; climatic changes take place and industrial and agricultural processes compete with the public’s need for water. The scarcity of water supply and water conservation are major focuses of the American Water Works Association.

Drinking Water Treatment

Drinking Water Treatment involves the removal of pathogens and other contaminants from source water in order to make it safe for humans to consume. Treatment of public drinking water is mandated by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) in the U.S. Common examples of contaminants that need to be treated and removed from water before it is considered potable are microorganisms, disinfectants, disinfection byproducts, inorganic chemicals, organic chemicals and radionuclides.

There are a variety of technologies and processes that can be used for contaminant removal and the removal of pathogens to decontaminate or treat water in a drinking water treatment plant before the clean water is pumped into the water distribution system for consumption.

The first stage in treating drinking water is often called pretreatment and involves screens to remove large debris and objects from the water supply. Aeration can also be used in the pretreatment phase. By mixing air and water, unwanted gases and minerals are removed and the water improves in color, taste and odor.

The second stage in the drinking water treatment process involves coagulation and flocculation. A coagulating agent is added to the water which causes suspended particles to stick together into clumps of material called floc. In sedimentation basins, the heavier floc separates from the water supply and sinks to form sludge, allowing the less turbid water to continue through the process.

During the filtration stage, smaller particles not removed by flocculation are removed from the treated water by running the water through a series of filters. Filter media can include sand, granulated carbon or manufactured membranes. Filtration using reverse osmosis membranes is a critical component of removing salt particles where desalination is being used to treat brackish water or seawater into drinking water.

Following filtration, the water is disinfected to kill or disable any microbes or viruses that could make the consumer sick. The most traditional disinfection method for treating drinking water uses chlorine or chloramines. However, new drinking water disinfection methods are constantly coming to market. Two disinfection methods that have been gaining traction use ozone and ultra-violet (UV) light to disinfect the water supply.

Drinking Water Distribution

Drinking water distribution involves the management of flow of the treated water to the consumer. By some estimates, up to 30% of treated water fails to reach the consumer. This water, often called non-revenue water, escapes from the distribution system through leaks in pipelines and joints, and in extreme cases through water main breaks.

A public water authority manages drinking water distribution through a network of pipes, pumps and valves and monitors that flow using flow, level and pressure measurement sensors and equipment.

Water meters and metering systems such as automatic meter reading (AMR) and advanced metering infrastructure (AMI) allows a water utility to assess a consumer’s water use and charge them for the correct amount of water they have consumed.