In the past, Shinkle and her colleagues carried separate YSI meters
for pH and DO, she notes. Now they use the YSI Professional Plus
handheld multiparameter instrument, which allows them to measure
pH, DO and temperature with one quick, reliable instrument. By YSI
Total Organic Carbon (TOC) analysis is an effective technique for detecting and measuring the presence of organic contaminants in waters used throughout industrial processes, municipal water uses, and for determining residual concentrations of organic material on the surfaces of equipment used in the manufacture of active pharmaceutical ingredients. By Jeffrey Lane, Steve Skalski, and Gary Engelhart, OI Analytical
Osmosis is the phenomenon of lower dissolved solids in water passing through a semi-permeable membrane into higher dissolved solids water until a near equilibrium is reached
