Iron And Manganese Removal Without Chlorine

Iron or manganese removal commonly involves injecting chlorine or potassium permanganate, followed by filtration with sand or coated greensand media.  Chlorine can affect the taste and odor of the water as well as involve high levels of maintenance and costs.

Iron and manganese are common naturally occurring contaminants in groundwater supplies worldwide.  In the U.S., the most common treatment method used involves injecting an oxidizing agent such as chlorine (sometimes in combination with other chemicals such as coagulants or to correct pH) followed by filtration.

In Europe, this method of iron and manganese is uncommon, as no chlorine is used or desired in the distribution system.  Eliminating the need for chlorine or potassium permanganate for primary oxidation lowers maintenance and operational cost.