DRINKING WATER

SDCWA 1 GeoTree - First Aqueduct Water Pipeline Rehabilitated With GeoSpray Geopolymer For SDCWA

Critical water tunnels require efficient structural renewal to meet strict shutdown schedules. Certified geopolymer mortar provides a cost-effective, high-strength solution that eliminates groundwater infiltration and improves water quality while ensuring a 70-year service life for essential aqueduct systems.

DRINKING WATER CASE STUDIES AND WHITE PAPERS

  • 5 Misconceptions About PFAS Removal Technologies

    This article will explore five common misconceptions about GAC and IX technologies for PFAS removal, helping utilities choose effective, site-specific treatment strategies for contaminated drinking water.

  • Seawater Desalination Using RO Membranes To Support A Thriving Agricultural Economy

    As the agriculture economy boomed, needs for freshwater demanded by irrigation, tourism and the local community also grew in Campo de Dalías, a coastal region on the Mediterranean Sea. As a result, the region faced overexploitation of groundwater aquifers. Read the full case study to learn how Toray was selected as the sole membrane supplier for a two-pass system for a newly implemented national desalination plan.

  • Case Study Report For Z-88® Radium Removal – City of Bridgeton, NJ

    WRT’s Z-88® Radium Removal treatment system was selected to remove high concentrations of radium in two treatment facilities for the City of Bridgeton, NJ.  Both treatment facilities are now producing safer drinking water since the installation of the Z-88® Radium Removal treatment systems in 2009 and 2010.

  • The Role Of pH Measurement During Coagulation

    In the wastewater treatment industry, coagulation has become one of the most widespread processes for effectively separating contaminants and effluent. But coagulation is a complicated and sensitive process, one that alters the chemical balance of the wastewater in order to strip it of unwanted constituents. As in many such processes, pH plays a critical role, and treatment professionals must analyze it closely if they want to properly coagulate their product.

  • An Affordable Greywater Treatment And Reuse Solution For Commercial Properties

    The Boy Scouts of America wanted an environmentally friendly method for disposing of the greywater generated by their shower buildings. Here’s how Orenco’s AdvanTex Treatment Systems helped.

  • Active Mixing Solves Water Tank Problems

    Adding one component to water storage tank systems can go a long way toward solving many tank integrity and longevity and water quality problems. Kasco Marine examines how.

  • Lightning Fast Response Prevents Extended Down Time

    The City of Gordon Texas’s drinking water facility was struck by lightning. Thinking long term, and desiring the latest technology available, the City took this opportunity to upgrade their on-line instrumentation with a range of new continuous monitoring on-line instruments including chlorine analyzers, pH monitoring, temperature monitoring, and turbidity monitoring.

  • Maintaining A Free Chlorine Residual In Your Distribution Systems

    Oftentimes, our first response to a taste and odor complaint is to test the water for a free chlorine residual. In this article, learn the major causes of increased chlorine residual and how to reduce it with active mixing.

  • Chloramination Monitoring And Control

    Since the EPA has established that, together with free chlorine, monochloramine is a primary disinfectant, it has been possible to implement the process more intensively. Water that is treated with monochloramine has, depending on the source of the water, fewer problems concerning taste and odor than water treated with free chlorine. In addition, the chemically more stable monochloramine remains longer in the water, thus allowing a long-term disinfecting effect.

  • Optimize Energy And Resource Usage

    Through the implementation of a WAGES (Water, Air, Gas, Electricity and Steam) monitoring solution, a brewery was able to optimize energy and resource usage while boosting capacity to meet the demands of U.S. customers. Water usage costs were reduced by 28%; the brewery’s carbon footprint was reduced creating a savings of $2 million/year from CO2 recovery; compressed air usage was reduced by 15%; and fuel oil costs were reduced by $34,000.

DRINKING WATER APPLICATION NOTES

  • SensyMaster Thermal Mass Flowmeter
    8/3/2021

    SensyMaster helps to improve the operating costs of the most cost intensive process in sewage plants: Aeration. High-measuring performance and state of the art technology helps customers increase plant efficiency.

  • Application Note: Ozone Measurement In Potable Water
    3/1/2010

    Ozone is a powerful oxidizing agent that can be used to destroy the organic compounds that affect the taste and odor of potable water. Environmental concerns have led to increased use of ozone because, unlike chlorine, it does not form hazardous by-products.

  • Hemodialysis Patient Health
    10/29/2021

    Controlling dialysate quality is critically important to hemodialysis patient health. Complications as minor as nausea and fatigue or as severe as metabolic acidosis and sepsis can result if dialysate composition is incorrect. All the factors that ultimately affect dialysate composition must therefore be carefully monitored and controlled: proper proportioning and mixing of concentrates with water; the quality of water mixed with concentrates to form dialysate; and the quality of water used in the reprocessing of hemodialyzers, system maintenance and disinfection.

  • Ion Exchange Resins Reduce Pollution From Refineries
    12/23/2013

    A single operational oil and gas refinery produces millions of gallons of contaminated wastewater a year, leading to environmental pollution concerns. Ion exchange resins are a metal- and ion-removal solution to help clean this wastewater for plant reuse or safe disposal. This application guide explains how resins can be used to demineralize refinery water in process, boiler, and cooling water applications.

  • Panametrics Technology Helps Track Potable Water Leaks
    4/22/2022

    Concerned about the volume of water leakages throughout their network, a Swedish water authority turned to Panametrics flowmeters to map their municipal water network -- enabling quick leak identification and fixes.

  • Active Energy Control – Energy Reductions Of Up To 10% Above Standard Drives
    4/1/2017

    Energy costs continue to increase. At the same time, there is increased pressure to reduce utility bills without sacrificing operations or comfort.

  • Application Note: YSI 600 Optical Monitoring System Used To Protect Lake Oconee, Georgia Water Quality
    12/27/2005
    Northern Georgia is experiencing unprecedented development; consequently, water quality in many of its watersheds is in jeopardy of severe degradation. The State of Georgia, Environmental Protection Division (EPD) has implemented an NPDES monitoring and enforcement program designed to prevent construction activities from impacting water quality
  • Reduce Or Eliminate Water Hammer With Valve Positioners
    5/19/2022

    Water hammer, which can occur in just about any pumping system and even steam systems, can lead to pipe breakage, equipment damage or even total system failure. Addressing water hammer at the source is the savviest and most cost-effective way to handle the issue.

  • Preliminary Assessment Of Water Quality In Riviera Grise Near Port-Au-Prince, Haiti
    10/17/2012

    The Riviera Grise drains water from the Cul-de-Sac watershed, Haiti, which covers most of the rural areas along the flood plains and areas that extend into steep hillsides. It also covers urban areas of Port-Au-Prince, the capital city of Haiti.

  • Removal Of Chloramines With Activated Carbon
    12/30/2013

    In order to reduce the formation of harmful disinfection byproducts in drinking water, alternative disinfectant use has become increasingly widespread. Monochloramine is a leading alternative disinfectant that offers advantages for municipal water. This tech brief details the removal of monochloramine using activated carbon.

DRINKING WATER PRODUCTS

This compact instrument has been designed specifically to demonstrate and test POU reverse osmosis or distillation systems. By measuring electrical conductivity, it will quickly determine the parts per million/Total Dissolved Solids (ppm/TDS) of any drinking water

Adjusting chemical dose based on flow or setting a fixed chemical dose can be very expensive. With a system that provides Real-Time Control, you can significantly lower chemical costs, quickly adjust for loading changes, and enjoy the peace of mind in knowing your effluent phosphorus levels are within permit range.

The Series 71P11A Gas Pressure Reducing and Shutoff Valve is a diaphragm-type gas pressure regulating valve designed for use on chlorine, sulfur dioxide and ammonia gas service. The valve is used in a gas dispensing system to prevent liquefaction of the gas by providing a controlled pressure drop in the piping system. Downstream pressure is regulated to a reduced value by adjustment of the control setting. If the downstream pressure exceeds the pressure at which the valve is set, gas flow will be shut off.

Xylem’s offering of granular activated carbons includes a versatile group of adsorbents designed to meet your needs for air and water compliance, wastewater treatment, remediation, and water purification. As an exclusive supplier of AquaCarb® and VoCarb® carbons, among many others, we provide premium virgin, activated, and reactivated carbons sourced from high-quality bituminous coal, coconut shell, and anthracite coal, suitable for both liquid and vapor phase applications.

Our activated carbons undergo rigorous quality testing at a state-certified environmental and carbon testing laboratory. Our application experts can help you select the right carbon, enabling you to improve performance, extend time between exchanges, and minimize operating costs.

We maintain a large inventory of high-quality carbons for quick selection and delivery. We can deliver carbon to you in:

  • Supersacks
  • Paper bags
  • Fiber drums

There are over 4,500 compounds currently classified as PFAS compounds. BioLargo's PFAS treatment is customized to the water to reduce energy, breakthrough, waste products, and operation and maintenance costs.

U.S. Pipe Fabrication delivers world-class ductile iron and steel piping solutions, with custom fabrication, advanced coatings, and industry-leading linings to meet every waterworks and industrial project.

LATEST INSIGHTS ON DRINKING WATER

DRINKING WATER VIDEOS

A group of Congressional Democratic lawmakers from Michigan has proposed legislation to provide $600 million in financial assistance to help Flint deal with its current water crisis.

Bill Gates challenges Jimmy to taste test water from the Omniprocessor, which turns sewage into clean drinking water.

KC Water is strategically and systematically replacing old water mains. Those in the most need get replaced first.

As utilities worldwide face mounting pressure from drought, water scarcity, and tightening regulations, this webinar explores how validated, chemical-free UV solutions are reshaping disinfection across surface water, wastewater, desalination, and potable reuse.

RIP Kitty Hach-Darrow (October 20, 1922 - June 4, 2020), co-founder of Hach Company

ABOUT DRINKING WATER

In most developed countries, drinking water is regulated to ensure that it meets drinking water quality standards. In the U.S., the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) administers these standards under the Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA)

Drinking water considerations can be divided into three core areas of concern:

  1. Source water for a community’s drinking water supply
  2. Drinking water treatment of source water
  3. Distribution of treated drinking water to consumers

Drinking Water Sources

Source water access is imperative to human survival. Sources may include groundwater from aquifers, surface water from rivers and streams and seawater through a desalination process. Direct or indirect water reuse is also growing in popularity in communities with limited access to sources of traditional surface or groundwater. 

Source water scarcity is a growing concern as populations grow and move to warmer, less aqueous climates; climatic changes take place and industrial and agricultural processes compete with the public’s need for water. The scarcity of water supply and water conservation are major focuses of the American Water Works Association.

Drinking Water Treatment

Drinking Water Treatment involves the removal of pathogens and other contaminants from source water in order to make it safe for humans to consume. Treatment of public drinking water is mandated by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) in the U.S. Common examples of contaminants that need to be treated and removed from water before it is considered potable are microorganisms, disinfectants, disinfection byproducts, inorganic chemicals, organic chemicals and radionuclides.

There are a variety of technologies and processes that can be used for contaminant removal and the removal of pathogens to decontaminate or treat water in a drinking water treatment plant before the clean water is pumped into the water distribution system for consumption.

The first stage in treating drinking water is often called pretreatment and involves screens to remove large debris and objects from the water supply. Aeration can also be used in the pretreatment phase. By mixing air and water, unwanted gases and minerals are removed and the water improves in color, taste and odor.

The second stage in the drinking water treatment process involves coagulation and flocculation. A coagulating agent is added to the water which causes suspended particles to stick together into clumps of material called floc. In sedimentation basins, the heavier floc separates from the water supply and sinks to form sludge, allowing the less turbid water to continue through the process.

During the filtration stage, smaller particles not removed by flocculation are removed from the treated water by running the water through a series of filters. Filter media can include sand, granulated carbon or manufactured membranes. Filtration using reverse osmosis membranes is a critical component of removing salt particles where desalination is being used to treat brackish water or seawater into drinking water.

Following filtration, the water is disinfected to kill or disable any microbes or viruses that could make the consumer sick. The most traditional disinfection method for treating drinking water uses chlorine or chloramines. However, new drinking water disinfection methods are constantly coming to market. Two disinfection methods that have been gaining traction use ozone and ultra-violet (UV) light to disinfect the water supply.

Drinking Water Distribution

Drinking water distribution involves the management of flow of the treated water to the consumer. By some estimates, up to 30% of treated water fails to reach the consumer. This water, often called non-revenue water, escapes from the distribution system through leaks in pipelines and joints, and in extreme cases through water main breaks.

A public water authority manages drinking water distribution through a network of pipes, pumps and valves and monitors that flow using flow, level and pressure measurement sensors and equipment.

Water meters and metering systems such as automatic meter reading (AMR) and advanced metering infrastructure (AMI) allows a water utility to assess a consumer’s water use and charge them for the correct amount of water they have consumed.