DRINKING WATER

GettyImages-2153059351-gloved-hand-with-test-tube-testing-water From Utility To Ally: Smart Water Management For Customer Satisfaction

Smart water technologies improve customer satisfaction through accurate billing, leak detection, and data-driven insights, helping utilities build trust, reduce losses, and enhance operational efficiency.

DRINKING WATER CASE STUDIES AND WHITE PAPERS

  • Testing Better Paths To Contaminant Control

    As a utility, it is tough enough to be notified that you need to remove a new contaminant of emerging concern (CEC). It’s even harder without having a complete picture of what is involved. 

  • Fast And Simple: The Benefits Of Remote Water Quality Monitoring

    Traditional water quality monitoring methods can be slow and labor-intensive. Remote distribution monitoring, using street-level telemetry systems, is becoming increasingly popular, providing near-real-time information and building trust with consumers.

  • Case Study: Monitoring And Protecting Water Quality In Lake Mead, Nevada Lake Mead is one of several reservoirs along the Colorado River; however, due to increases in population and agricultural operations in recent decades, this once-expansive lake in the desert is becoming more compromised. While inflow into Lake Mead primarily is from the Colorado River, a small percent is also from rivers on the northern side of the Lake and from Las Vegas Wash on the northwest side. Las Vegas Wash transports treated municipal wastewater effluent, stormwater and urban runoff, and shallow groundwater seepage from the Las Vegas urban area to Boulder Basin in Lake Mead. Effluent flow rates have more than doubled in recent years, prompting concern over potential effects to reservoir water quality, especially since some of the water is pumped for the municipal water treatment plant at Saddle Island
  • In-Situ Oxygenation System Enables Increase In Capacity For Municipal Wastewater Treatment Facility

    To increase capacity within the existing footprint of a wastewater treatment facility in Michigan, two existing tanks were converted to aeration tanks with pure-oxygen aeration provided by Praxair’s In-Situ Oxygenation (I-SOTM) System.

  • Pasteurized Equivalent Water Treatment At Tnuva Ba'Emek, Israel

    In the heart of Israel’s Jezreel Valley, Ba’emek Advanced Technologies—part of the Tnuva Group—faced a critical challenge: how to sustainably reuse water extracted from whey during dairy processing without compromising safety or quality.

  • Electrocoagulation Unlocked

    Despite electrocoagulation's demonstrated effectiveness, developing a reliable, low maintenance reactor with sufficient water processing volume has proven to be a significant engineering challenge.

  • Why Reducing Non-Revenue Water Matters For Water Utilities

    In today's challenging environment, water utilities face mounting pressure to operate more efficiently while maintaining high service levels and managing aging infrastructure. At the heart of these challenges lies a critical issue: non-revenue water (NRW). 

  • Australian City Installs Microclor On‐Site Sodium Hypochlorite Generation System

    Bathurst is the home of the Bathurst 1000 Race, the largest NASCAR-style “touring car” race in Australia. On race day, tens of thousands of additional visitors tax the capacity of the Bathurst 5 million-gallon-per- day wastewater treatment plant. The diligence and capability of the treatment staff allows the plant to meet the challenge every year. 

  • Why Vessel Design Is The Ultimate Performance Driver For Media Filters

    Choosing the right media is only the first step. Vessel and underdrain design often determine whether filtration systems meet expectations — or quietly fall short over time.

  • Santa Monica, CA Case Study The City of Santa Monica shut down the Charnock well fields in 1996 after finding methyl tertiary-butyl ether (MTBE) and later trichloroethylene (TCE) and 1,1-Dichloroethene (1,1-DCE) in the water.

DRINKING WATER APPLICATION NOTES

DRINKING WATER PRODUCTS

Discover how you can utilize the full value of your meter data

In municipal drinking water applications or pre-treatment for desalination plants using gravity filters, the filter underdrain is one of the most important components contributing to overall system performance and operation — whether a new filter design or retrofitting an existing filter.

The Singer In-Line Strainer is carefully designed to protect valves and regulators from pipeline debris, so utilities don’t have to worry about costly maintenance, downtime, and repairs. Manufactured in ductile iron with corrosion-resistant stainless-steel screen, the screen design provides a smooth laminar flow, which is ideal for locations ahead of automatic control valves.

​AqueoUS Vets offers a technically superior line of products for various treatment requirements. These advanced technology products include filtration equipment as well as industry leading ion exchange resins and granular activated carbons (GAC). 

Water reuse is no longer a choice. It’s a necessity. Orenco’s AdvanTex Treatment Systems consistently produce clear effluent that meets the most stringent permit limits.

Kamstrup has expanded on its already proven ultrasonic technology by including the ability for its newest meter, the flowIQ® 2200, to listen for leaks via acoustic leak detection – which makes it the first and only single solution with integrated acoustic leak detection available to the market.

LATEST INSIGHTS ON DRINKING WATER

DRINKING WATER VIDEOS

In Raleigh, N.C., there's a house... or what looks like a house. What's hidden inside is more important than most people realize.

Out of sight, the country’s underground water infrastructure is aging and failing. In this interview, AMERICAN’s Derek Scott and Maury Gaston discuss the problem, challenges facing cities, and the latest technologies for providing and protecting one of our most precious resources — water.

GE partnered with the Wharton School's Initiative for Global Environmental Leadership (IGEL) for an industry leaders' discussion about the energy/water nexus in unconventional oil & gas production.

The Western Governors' Drought Forum webinar “Once Marginal, Now Crucial: The Growing Demand for Re-used, Produced, and Brackish Water” explores the technological and regulatory obstacles to utilizing re-used, produced, and brackish water.

Get a closer look at how SIWA MDM Analytics Foundation transforms utility data into actionable insight.

ABOUT DRINKING WATER

In most developed countries, drinking water is regulated to ensure that it meets drinking water quality standards. In the U.S., the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) administers these standards under the Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA)

Drinking water considerations can be divided into three core areas of concern:

  1. Source water for a community’s drinking water supply
  2. Drinking water treatment of source water
  3. Distribution of treated drinking water to consumers

Drinking Water Sources

Source water access is imperative to human survival. Sources may include groundwater from aquifers, surface water from rivers and streams and seawater through a desalination process. Direct or indirect water reuse is also growing in popularity in communities with limited access to sources of traditional surface or groundwater. 

Source water scarcity is a growing concern as populations grow and move to warmer, less aqueous climates; climatic changes take place and industrial and agricultural processes compete with the public’s need for water. The scarcity of water supply and water conservation are major focuses of the American Water Works Association.

Drinking Water Treatment

Drinking Water Treatment involves the removal of pathogens and other contaminants from source water in order to make it safe for humans to consume. Treatment of public drinking water is mandated by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) in the U.S. Common examples of contaminants that need to be treated and removed from water before it is considered potable are microorganisms, disinfectants, disinfection byproducts, inorganic chemicals, organic chemicals and radionuclides.

There are a variety of technologies and processes that can be used for contaminant removal and the removal of pathogens to decontaminate or treat water in a drinking water treatment plant before the clean water is pumped into the water distribution system for consumption.

The first stage in treating drinking water is often called pretreatment and involves screens to remove large debris and objects from the water supply. Aeration can also be used in the pretreatment phase. By mixing air and water, unwanted gases and minerals are removed and the water improves in color, taste and odor.

The second stage in the drinking water treatment process involves coagulation and flocculation. A coagulating agent is added to the water which causes suspended particles to stick together into clumps of material called floc. In sedimentation basins, the heavier floc separates from the water supply and sinks to form sludge, allowing the less turbid water to continue through the process.

During the filtration stage, smaller particles not removed by flocculation are removed from the treated water by running the water through a series of filters. Filter media can include sand, granulated carbon or manufactured membranes. Filtration using reverse osmosis membranes is a critical component of removing salt particles where desalination is being used to treat brackish water or seawater into drinking water.

Following filtration, the water is disinfected to kill or disable any microbes or viruses that could make the consumer sick. The most traditional disinfection method for treating drinking water uses chlorine or chloramines. However, new drinking water disinfection methods are constantly coming to market. Two disinfection methods that have been gaining traction use ozone and ultra-violet (UV) light to disinfect the water supply.

Drinking Water Distribution

Drinking water distribution involves the management of flow of the treated water to the consumer. By some estimates, up to 30% of treated water fails to reach the consumer. This water, often called non-revenue water, escapes from the distribution system through leaks in pipelines and joints, and in extreme cases through water main breaks.

A public water authority manages drinking water distribution through a network of pipes, pumps and valves and monitors that flow using flow, level and pressure measurement sensors and equipment.

Water meters and metering systems such as automatic meter reading (AMR) and advanced metering infrastructure (AMI) allows a water utility to assess a consumer’s water use and charge them for the correct amount of water they have consumed.